Histone acetylation

Histone acetylation (Ac) occurs on the e-amino lysine residue and promotes DNA unfolding - CoA (acetyl coenzyme A) and lysine where HAT (histone acetyltransferase enzyme, inhibits gene expression - i.e., repression for immunological defense) and HDAC (histone deacetylase enzyme, HDAC enables nucleic gene expression), n-butyrate is a HDAC inhibitor where HATs are coactivators during transcription. HATs categories are: GCN5, MYST(MOZ), P300/CBP and SRC/p160 of the nuclear receptor co-activator family. Histone and non-histone proteins are catalyzed via HATs. Reversible histone acetylation catalyzed via HATs and HDATs also histone acetylation can inhibit H1-mediated salt insolubility assisting salt solubility concentrations that effects binding and relaxation of DNA coils on the hairpin nucleosome structure. Thus, HATS and HDAC are involved in the control gene expression switching gene expression off or on. This effect is consistent with the expected large reduction in electron density on the amino nitrogen upon acetylation thus, making coordination with the coenzyme copper much less strong; the structure of histones shows the patterns of histone acetylation and methylation are quite precise and important mechanisms for epigenetic alteration of gene expression (See figure 1c & 1d and appendix, I)